Towards an Optimal EV Charging Scheduling Scheme with V2G and V2V Energy Transfer

A.M. Koufakis, E. Rigas, N. Bassiliades, S. Ramchurn, "Towards an Optimal EV Charging Scheduling Scheme with V2G and V2V Energy Transfer", 7th IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm 2016), 6-9 Nov 2016, Sydney, Australia, pp. 302-307

In this paper we propose an optimal Electric Vehicle (EV) charging scheduling scheme with the option of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) energy transfer. In this way, we aim to increase customer satisfaction as well as energy utilization compared to settings where only energy from the grid exists. We assume a single charging station to exist and we present three alternative formulations of the problem of V2G and V2V energy transfer: (a) without additional energy from the grid, (b) with additional energy from the grid, and (c) with additional energy from the grid and battery backup storage. In all cases, we formulate the problems using Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) and solve them off-line and optimally. We evaluate our algorithms in a setting partially using real data regarding energy production from photo-voltaic panels in Belgium and we observe that solution (c) leads to 24% increase in EV satisfaction compared to (a) and to 1.70% increase compared to (b). All algorithms have low execution time and good scalability.